Which artist painted the "Home of a Rebel Sharpshooter"?

The artist who painted "Home of a Rebel Sharpshooter" is Alexander Gardner. This piece is significant because it reflects the work of Gardner during the American Civil War, where he was not only a photographer but also engaged in the artistic representation of war. The photograph captures a Confederate sharpshooter's body positioned among the battlefield, emphasizing the grim realities of war and the human cost involved. It is part of a series of photographs that sought to document the Civil War and convey its impact more profoundly than traditional paintings of the time.

The other artists listed are known for very different styles and subject matters. Joseph Paxton was primarily an architect and designer famed for his work with glass and metal structures, while Vincent Van Gogh is known for his Post-Impressionist paintings rich in color and emotion, focusing on personal expression rather than historical events. Georges Seurat was an artist known for his technique of pointillism, and his works often depict scenes of leisure rather than the stark themes present in Gardner's war photography. This context reinforces why Gardner is the correct choice for the artwork in question.