What characterizes the "gothic revival" in architecture?

The Gothic Revival in architecture is characterized by a movement that sought to revive the medieval Gothic architectural style, which originated in the Middle Ages. This revival came about during the late 18th and 19th centuries as part of a broader cultural interest in Romanticism, which emphasized emotion, nature, and a connection to the past. Architects looked back to the pointed arches, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, and intricate ornamentation that defined Gothic cathedrals and applied these elements in contemporary buildings.

This revival was not just about replicating the old styles but also about reinterpreting them within the context of modern design and functionality. Prominent examples of Gothic Revival architecture include structures like the Palace of Westminster in London and St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York City, which showcase the hallmarks of this style while integrating the needs of modern urban life.

The focus of the Gothic Revival is distinctly different from modernist styles, which emphasize simplicity and functionality, neoclassical influences that draw on ancient Greek and Roman design, and minimalist principles that prioritize a lack of ornamentation. Thus, the revival movement significantly distinguishes itself by its dedication to the rich, expressive forms and historical aspirations found in medieval architecture.