What artistic technique is characterized by the use of dramatic lighting and shadow contrasts?

Chiaroscuro is an artistic technique that emphasizes the contrast between light and shadow to create a sense of volume and three-dimensionality in two-dimensional works. This method became particularly prominent during the Renaissance and is used to enhance the dramatic effect of a painting by highlighting certain areas while leaving others in shadow. By manipulating light and dark, artists can guide the viewer’s eye to focal points, add depth, and evoke emotional responses.

In contrast, pointillism involves the application of small dots of color that blend at a distance to form an image, focusing more on color theory than light manipulation. Impasto refers to a painting technique where paint is laid on the canvas very thickly, creating a texture that stands out from the surface, rather than a focus on light and shadow. Alla prima involves painting a completed work in one sitting without allowing layers to dry, which may not specifically employ dramatic contrasts in light and shadow.